Ears

The human body consists of two ears. The ears enable us to hear sounds coming from different sources. We can recognize people by hearing their sound only. We understand what they are saying. We enjoy the pleasant music, songs, singing of birds etc with the help of our ears. If people don’t have eyes, they do many works with the help of ears. Hence, the ears are very important to us.

Structure of ear

         Each ear is divided into three parts- external ear, middle ear and internal ear. The part of ear that we can see is called external ear. It consists of pinna, auditory canal and tympanic membrane or ear drum. Its function is to collect and send the sound to the middle ear. The middle ear consists of three tiny bones which transfer the sound from tympanic membrane to the inner ear.

        The inner ear is a fluid filled chamber that consists of complex system of canals and cavities. Cochlea is the main organ in inner ear that sends sound from inner ear to the brain for hearing. We hear the sound when it reaches to our brain. The movement of sound in the ear is very fast, so we hear the sound of a source fast.

Defects of ear

          The conditions due to which we are unable to hear sound partially or completely are called defects of ears. Some of them are:

.           Ear infections (pus discharge)

.           Wax collection

.           Ruptured tympanic membrane

.           Nerve degeneration    

           Ear infections are the most common problems in all age groups. When our ears are infected with different organisms, we have pain, fever and pus discharge from ear and decreased hearing. In such cases, we should immediately visit doctor, otherwise we may have permanent hearing loss. We should not swim in dirty water.

           The auditory canal secrets  some waste material called wax. If it is collected in excess amount, it block the auditory canal. There is decreased hearing capacity. We should not try to remove it with sharp objects.

          The continuous noise of machines and vehicles may result in decreased hearing capacity. Large sound of bomb blast or thunder may rupture our tympanic membrane. If ant foreign body enters our ears, we should remove them gently or visit doctor quickly.

Care of ears

          The ears are also the very delicate organs. The eardrum (tympanic membrane) breaks very easily. So, we must be careful about the safety of our ears.

1.                We should not use sharp instruments like hair pins, toothpick, compass, needle, matchstick, pencil, etc to remove wax from the ears. These instruments can break the ear-drum and make us deaf.

2.                If the insects or other foreign bodies enter into the ears, they should be removed by the doctor.

3.                If the part of head near the ears is hit hard, the ear drum can break. Therefore , the head should also be protected.

4.                Loud and continuous noise of factory machines, vehicles, jets, loudspeakers, etc can also make us deaf.

5.                We should not shout near the ears of other people because this can make people deaf.

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